EFFICIENCY OF CLAY SOILS REINFORCEMENT IN CONSTRUCTION

Abstract

This article analyses methods for reinforcing clay soils during the construction of foundations. Clay soils possess specific physical and mechanical properties that present challenges in construction. The article examines these properties to understand the causes of problems encountered when erecting structures on such soils. Particular attention is paid to modern reinforcement technologies – the use of geosynthetic materials. Their types, characteristics and methods of application are described. The mechanisms of interaction between geosynthetics and clayey soil and their influence on the stability and deformation characteristics of the foundation are examined. The results of laboratory and field tests assessing changes in the strength and deformation characteristics of the soil following reinforcement are presented. The methodologies, equipment and data processing methods are described. Graphs and tables are provided, illustrating changes in soil characteristics depending on the type and quantity of reinforcing material. A comparative analysis of reinforcement methods has been carried out based on criteria of technical effectiveness and economic viability. The costs of materials, labour intensity, duration of works and the resulting effect (increased load-bearing capacity, reduced deformations) have been assessed. Based on the analysis, recommendations are proposed for selecting the optimal reinforcement method depending on construction conditions, the type of structure and the required characteristics of the foundation. In conclusion, promising areas for further research are discussed: the application of new materials and technologies, and the improvement of methods for calculating and designing reinforced foundations. The need for further research to expand the scope of application of reinforced soils and to improve their reliability and durability is emphasised.