FEATURES OF THE EVOLUTION OF REGIONAL CAPITALS IN THE USA’s AND THE KAZAKHSTAN’s ARCHITECTURE

Аннотация

The article deals with the interpretation of regional specifics in architectural and artistic forms. Special attention is paid to the order compositions. It is shown how the images of plants characteristic of the region were reflected in the capitals of the columns of various buildings from ancient times to the present day. The originality of approaches to this problem is emphasized on examples from the architecture of the USA and the Kazakhstan. Examples of the use of regional themes in the architecture of the USA and Kazakhstan show a significant difference. The architecture of the United States since the 18th century, on the one hand, is a struggle for the independence of territories from the colonial claims of England, France and Spain, with a corresponding cultural and ideological opposition to European traditions. On the other hand, it is a literal reproduction of European architectural styles from the Middle Ages. In Kazakhstan, the emphasis on regional features of architecture is indeed constant. Special attention is paid to the interpretation of the motifs of the national ornament. The beginning of the 20th century led to the emergence of a special trend of the national neoclassical style, which also spread and evolved into a postmodern interpretation.